The Boycott Of The Montgomery Buses And The Court Case...

The success of the boycott of the Montgomery buses and the court case Brown vs. Board of education led African Americans into the 1960’s with the belief that non-violent protest and legal action could make a difference. In the beginning of the 1960’s, students held sit in’s at segregated lunch counters throughout the south. February 1st 1960, was the day of the first sit in at a segregated lunch counter. Four seventeen year old freshman at North Carolina AT University in Greensboro- Franklin Mccain, Ezell Blair Jr., Joseph Mcneil, and David Richmond- peacefully and politely took seats at the lunch counter and asked for coffee. â€Å"By the end of the month similar protest were beginning in thirty one cities and seven southern states† (â€Å"The†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In 1955, Reverend George Lee, vice president of the Regional Council of Negro Leadership and NAACP worker, was shot in the face and killed for urging blacks in the Mississippi D elta to vote† (Austin, â€Å" On Violence and Non-violence†). The perpetrators were never charged for the murder of Lee. With many assassinations of African American liberation leaders and organizers along with the police frame ups and imprisonment of African American protestors had a devastating impact on the struggle against racism and national oppression. In addition to these murders, violence was portrayed in mass arrest, jail beatings, lynching’s, and church bombings (Austin, â€Å"On Violence and Non-violence†). African American’s believed it was time to take matters into their own hands. The non-violence approach was not improving anything for them. A lot of the protest resulted in deaths for African Americans. African Americans along with their supporters felt it was necessary to use force in order to advance in their struggle for freedom, equality, and justice. The Black Panther Party of Self-defense was founded by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Newton was the youngest of seven children. He spent most of his troubled childhood in a depressed neighborhood of Oakland California. Newton was expelled from various schools in Oakland California but graduated from Oakland Technical High School in 1959. His father was unable to keep him from feeling rage at theShow MoreRelatedCauses Of The Civil Rights Movement954 Words   |  4 Pagesthey took a stand. This was known as the Civil Rights Movement. There were many interesting events that caused this movement. The three main causes that lead up to the Civil Rights Movement were The Alabama Church bombing, Brown vs the board of education, and Montgomery Boycott. First off, one of the main causes of the Civil Rights Movement was The Alabama Church Bombings. â€Å"The church bombing was the third in Birmingham in 11 days after a federal order came down to integrate Alabama’s school systemRead MoreHow Far Had African Americans Progressed in Gaining Better Civil Rights by 1960?1214 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst racism abroad and at home. The Navy was the first branch of the services to desegregate in 1946, as it found it difficult to maintain segregation on its ships - black people gained promotions due to the need for more sailors. The Smith vs. Allright case of 1944 outlawed the so-called ‘white primary’ in Texas, which had meant that only white people had been allowed a preliminary vote to choose the Democratic Party candidates that would stand in the general election. As a result of this outlawingRead MoreAfrican Americans During The 20th Century1261 Words   |  6 Pagesas the Brown vs. Board of Education case, and the Montgomery Bus Boycotts, African-Americans were finally gaining a substantial voice in this country. Most importantly, the African-American communities fighting for liberty gained the public support of President John F. Kennedy. Together, the social pressures that surfaced during the Civil Rights Era greatly influenced the gradual termination of segregation and discrimination in the United States of America. The Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)Read MoreThe Case Of Rosa Parks And The Montgomery Bus Boycott790 Words   |  4 Pagesbus in Montgomery, Alabama when the incident occured. Her act of non-violence sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a massive protest against segregation on public buses that lasted for 13 months. It finally ended on November 15, 1956, when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional. However the boycott continued until Montgomery received the order to desegregate public buses. Martin Luther King called to end the boycott on DecemberRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement and To Kill a Mockingbird1015 Words   |  5 PagesThe beginning of the Civil Rights Movement era corresponds with the time that Harper Lee was writing about Scout Finch and her brother Jem. They live in the very state that events like the Montgomery Bus boycott would take place. The fictional town of Maycomb is in Alabama, the same state where Martin Luther King Jr. would rise to be the voice of African Americans aching for equality. The actual movement may have started in 1960 but that is the same year that To Kill a Mockingbird was published andRead MoreEssay on The African-American Civil Rights Movement 1955-19582790 Words   |  12 Pagesdifferent acts and campaigns of civil resistance represented this movement. African-Americans and whites performed many forms of protest and civil disobedience including sit-ins, boycotts, marches and other nonviolent activities. Out of this movement, came many successful achievements such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the segment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which ‘restored and protected voting rights for African-Americans. But along with achievements, manyRead MoreThe Jim Crow Laws and African Americans901 Words   |  4 Pagesblacks in most public facilities. The laws basically allowed racism and discrimination, but said it wasn’t. Blacks faced many places and spots that were segregated mainly in the south. Some of the main areas that this segregation happened was on public buses, schools, and balloting poles. The African American population was outraged by this. The Jim Crow laws were passed into law in 1965. The laws went down to even the local level. They caused Africans social, educational, and economic hardships andRead MoreEssay about Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s3237 Words   |  13 PagesMany different acts and campaigns of civil resistance represented this movement. African-Americans and whites performed forms of protest and civil disobedience including sit-ins, boycotts, marches and other nonviolent activities. Out of this movement, came many successful achievements such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the segment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, that â€Å"restored and protected voting rights for African-Americans.† But along with achievements, manyRead MoreThe Montgomery Bus Boycott5270 Words   |  22 PagesThe Montgomery Bus Boycott The Montgomery bus boycott changed the way people lived and reacted to each other. The American civil rights movement began a long time ago, as early as the seventeenth century, with blacks and whites all protesting slavery together. The peak of the civil rights movement came in the 1950s starting with the successful bus boycott in Montgomery Alabama. The civil rights movement was lead by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who preached nonviolence and love for your enemyRead MoreEssay on The Segregation of School in America1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe Segregation of School in America In history there are two major turning points in the fight for equal rights. The first was â€Å"Homer Plessey vs. The rail road company† of 1986. Homer Plessey was asked to sit in a black only carriage and refused; he was kicked off the train. He decided to take his case to the supreme court and they ruled in favour of segregation, saying â€Å"separate but equal†. Segregation had been occurring for many years already in the form of â€Å"The Jim